(contemplative music) In these lessons, we'll discuss the importance of knowing your subject, environment and audience. Fostering relationships across other departments and building rapport with other teams can impact your ability to influence others. Consider your subject or the topic on which you want to persuade others. There are two scenarios you may find yourself in when it comes to knowing your subject. Scenario one, you're the expert. For instance, assume that you help develop the latest software you plan on pitching to a marketing department. As an expert, you might avoid spending most of your time explaining everything you know. It's better to focus on gaining people's feedback so you can adjust your approach. Inviting others to ask questions or test the software themselves can also keep your audience engaged. Scenario two, you're familiar with the subject, but not necessarily an expert. Imagine you're in the marketing department, and you were chosen to try the new software for a trial run. You've learned how to navigate things, but you still don't know everything about it. You'd need to research and practice to gain enough knowledge. This will put you in a better position to convince the rest of your team to download the software. Knowing your environment is also essential. There are a few common workplace environment types, such as physical, virtual and hybrid. In physical environments, consider your workplace culture before deciding whether you'll use the front of the room to grab everyone's attention or simply pull up a chair for a roundtable discussion. It's important to be mindful of those around you. Some in-person workspaces may have a policy that requires a formal meeting to discuss any kind of agenda. For virtual environments, learn the technology beforehand. Your organization might be using an application that has limited functions. Once you know how to navigate your virtual workspace, it may be easier to communicate with your coworkers. There are also hybrid environments where you may be presenting in a physical space with a virtual audience, or presenting virtually to an audience that is in the same physical location. In these scenarios, follow the guidelines for both physical and virtual environments. Becoming influential in hybrid environments can be challenging because you need to keep people engaged. Understanding your audience is key to influencing others. If your audience is new to the subject, ease them into your presentation. If your audience is familiar with the subject, however, you can anticipate questions and concerns by planning how you'll address them. Whether you're in a physical, virtual or hybrid environment, engagement with your audience ensures they feel like they're part of the process. Taking momentary pauses throughout your meeting or presentation can also foster dialogue and inclusion instead of a one-way conversation.